There are n numbers of users who use computer network and are located over the world. So to ensure, national and worldwide data communication, systems must be developed which are compatible to communicate with each other ISO has developed a standard. ISO stands for International organization of Standardization. This is called a model for Open System Interconnection (OSI) and is commonly known as OSI model.
The ISO-OSI model is a seven layer architecture. It defines seven layers or levels in a complete communication system. They are:
Application Layer, Presentation Layer, Session Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, Data link Layer, Physical Layer.
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TCP/IP is an industry-standard protocol suit for Wide Area Networks (WANs) developed in the 1970s and 1980 by the U.S Department of Defense (DoD).
Read MoreEncryption is the process of translating plain text data (plaintext) into something that appears to be random and meaningless (ciphertext). Encryption algorithm is difficult.
Read MoreNetwork Topology is the schematic description of a network arrangement, connecting various nodes (sender and receiver) through lines of connection.
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