Array Definition :

An array is a one of the data structure in C++, that can store a fixed size sequential collection of elements of same data type. Arrays are of different types :

• One-dimensional (Single Dimensional) arrays
• Multi-dimensional (Two Dimensional) arrays

A two-dimensional array is the simplest of multidimensional arrays. However, C++ allows arrays of more than two dimension.

Single Dimensional (1-D) Arrays :

The simplest form of an array is a singel dimensional array. The array is given a name and its elements are referred to by their subscripts or indices. C++ arrays index numbering starts with 0. The general form of an array declaration is as shown below :

type array-name[size];

Example :

/* Description: array use to print your age in C++ language */ #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int age[1]={23}; int i,ayan; for(i=0;i<=1;i++) { ayan=age[i]; } cout << "My age is - " <<ayan; }

Output :

Two Dimensional (2-D) Arrays :

A two-dimensinal array is an array in which each element is itself an array. For instance, an array a[m][n] in an M by N table with M rows and N columns containing M x N elements.

To read or process a 2-D array, you need to use nested loops. one loop processes the rows and another the columns.

Example :

/* Description: matrix sum */ #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a[10][10],b[10][10],sum[10][10]; int i,j,m,n; cout<<" Enter order of Matrix Row | Columns :"; cin>>m>>n; cout<<"\n"; for(i=1;i<=m;i++) { for(j=1;j<=n;j++) { cout<< " No. "<<i <<"\t Enter 1st matrix Values : \n"; cin>>a[i][j]; } } cout<<"\n"; for(i=1;i<=m;i++) { for(j=1;j<=n;j++) { cout<< " No. "<<i <<"\t Enter 2nd matrix Values : \n"; cin>>b[i][j]; } } cout<<"\n Calculating...\n"; for(i=1;i<=m;i++) { for(j=1;j<=n;j++) { sum[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j]; } } cout<<" Result :\n"; for(i=1;i<=m;i++) { for(j=1;j<=n;j++) { cout<<sum[i][j]<<"\t"; } cout<<"\n"; } }

Output :

Array with Strings :

In C++, the one-dimensional array of characters are called strings, which is terminated by a null character ‘\0’.

Example :

/* Description: simple array with string programming in C++ language */ #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { char name[5] = {'A', 'y', 'a', 'N', '\0'}; cout << " My name is : " << name << endl; }

Output :