Data Type Modifiers :

You can apply the modifiers signed, unsigned, short and long to character and integer base types. However you may also apply long to double.

Integer Type Modifiers :

Type	Approximate Size
short unsigned signed short	2byte 2bytes 2bytes
int unsigned int signed int	2byte 2bytes 2bytes
long unsigned long signed long	4byte 4bytes 4bytes

Character Type Modifiers :

Type	Approximate Size
char unsigned char signed char	1byte 1bytes 1bytes

Floating Type Modifiers :

Type	Approximate Size
float double long double	4byte 8bytes 10bytes

Operators and Expressions :

C language Operators and Expressions - C ++ Operators - C++ is very rich in built-in operators. In fact, C++ places more significance on operators than most other computer languages do.

Arithmetic Operators :

It provides operators for five basic arithmetic calculation : addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and remainder which are +, -, *, / and % respectively.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
+	addition	6 + 5	11
-	subtraction	6 - 5	1
*	multiplication	6 * 5	30
/	division	60 / 5	12
%	addition	60 % 5	0

Increment and Decrement Operators :

C++ includes two useful operators these are the increment and decrement operators, ++ and --. The C++ name itself is influenced by the increment operator ++. The operator ++ add 1 to its operand, and -- subtract 1.

a = 15;
a++ or ++a will produce the result a = 16.

a = 15;
a-- or --a will produce the result a = 14.

Note : That a++ and a-- are referring the post-fix increment and decrement operation, and ++a and --a are referring the prefix increment and decrement operation.

Relation Operators :

Relation refers to the relationships that values (or operands) can have with one another.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
==	comparison (equality)	6 == 5	false
<	less than	6 < 5	false
<=	less than or equal to	6 <= 5	false
>	greater than	6 > 5	true
>=	greater than or equal to	6 >= 5	true
!=	not equal to	6 != 5	true

Logical Operators :

The previous section discussed about relational operators that establish relationships among the values. This selection talks about logical operators that refer to the ways these relationships (among values) can be connected.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
&&	and	(6 <= 6) && (5 < 3)	false
||	Or	(6 <= 6) || (5 < 3)	true
!	Or	!(6 <= 6)	false

Conditional Operators :

C++ offers a conditional operator (?:) that stores a value depending upon a condition, this operator also called Ternary operator. The general condition follows :

expression1? expression2 : expression3
result=marks>=50?'P':'F';

The identifier result will have value 'P' if the test expression marks >= 50 evaluates to true(1) otherwise result will have 'F'.

Some Other Operators :

There are a lot many other operators in C++, other than the ones discussed here. But in this section, we are discussing two of them that are of relevant use to you right now. two operators are : sizof and comma operator.

The sizeof Operator :

float fl;
cout<<"The sizeof float variable fl is"<<sizeof fl;
cout<<"The sizeof integers is"<<sizeof (int);

Note : Assuming that integer-size is 2 bytes and float-size is 8 bytes.

The Comma Operator :

b = ( a = 3, a + 1 );

First assigns a value 3 and then assigns b the value a + 1.

Note : The parentheses are necessary because the comma operator has a lower precedence than the assignment operator.