C# Language
Console Input
console input can be processed using the 'Console' class, which provides methods for reading input from the console. Here are some common methods for processing console input in C#:
1. Single Line of Text:
Console.Write("Enter your name: ");
string name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Hello, " + name + "!");
⤏ Use 'Console.ReadLine' to read a single line of text from the console. But in this process, you might receive a warning: ⇊
warning CS8600: Converting null literal or possible null value to non-nullable type.
To address this warning, you can use the null-forgiving operator ('!') to tell the compiler that you are sure the value will not be 'null'. However, you should be cautious and make sure that the 'Console.ReadLine()' method does indeed return a non-null value in your specific use case. Here's the modified code:
Console.Write("Enter your name: ");
string name = Console.ReadLine()!; // Use the null-forgiving operator
Console.WriteLine("Hello, " + name + "!");
Enter your name: Ayan Hello, Ayan!
Keep in mind that if 'Console.ReadLine()' actually returns 'null' in some situations, you might want to add a null check to handle such cases appropriately. For example:
Console.Write("Enter your name: ");
string input = Console.ReadLine()!;
string name = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input) ? "Unknown" : input;
Console.WriteLine("Hello, " + name + "!");
Enter your name: Hello, Unknown!
In this version, 'string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace()' is used to check whether the input is either 'null', empty, or consists only of white-space characters. If so, the default value "Unknown" is used; otherwise, the input value is used.
2. Single Character:
Use 'Console.ReadKey()' to read a single key from the console. The method returns a 'ConsoleKeyInfo' object, and you can access the pressed key using the 'KeyChar' property.
Console.Write("Press a key: ");
ConsoleKeyInfo keyInfo = Console.ReadKey();
char key = keyInfo.KeyChar;
Console.WriteLine("\nYou pressed: " + key);
Press a key: A You pressed: A
3. Numeric Input:
Use 'Console.ReadLine()' to read a line of text and then parse it into a numeric type if needed.
Console.Write("Enter your age: ");
string ageString = Console.ReadLine()!;
if (int.TryParse(ageString, out int age))
{
Console.WriteLine("Your age is: " + age);
} else {
Console.WriteLine("Invalid input. Please enter a valid number.");
}
Enter your age: 28 Your age is: 28
if (int.TryParse(ageString, out int age))
⤏ This line attempts to parse the 'ageString' into an integer using 'int.TryParse'. The method returns a boolean value indicating whether the parsing was successful. If successful, the parsed integer is stored in the variable 'age'.
4. Multiple Values:
You can also use 'Console.ReadLine()' to read a line of text and then split it into multiple values if needed.
Console.Write("Enter two numbers separated by space: ");
string input = Console.ReadLine()!;
string[] num_ = input.Split(' ');
int num1, num2, sum;
if (int.TryParse(num_[0], out num1) && int.TryParse(num_[1], out num2))
{
sum = num1 + num2;
Console.WriteLine("Sum: " + sum);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Invalid input.");
}
Enter two numbers separated by space: 10 30 Sum: 40
Remember: to handle exceptions and validate user input to ensure that the program does not crash or produce unexpected behavior. The examples provided here are basic and can be extended based on specific requirements.
if (num_.Length == 2 && int.TryParse(num_[0], out num1) && int.TryParse(num_[1], out num2))
⤏ The line of code you provided is a conditional statement that checks whether the array 'num_' has exactly two elements, and if so, it attempts to parse each element into integers using 'int.TryParse'.
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