JavaScript Flow Control

let num = 10;

if (num > 0) {
    console.log("Number is positive");
} else if (num < 0) {
    console.log("Number is negative");
} else {
    console.log("Number is zero");
}

Number is positive

Loops:

Loops are used to repeatedly execute a block of code until a certain condition is met. JavaScript supports different types of loops such as 'for', 'while', and 'do...while'.

[for]

// Using a for loop to iterate from 0 to 4
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    console.log("for loop " + i);
}

for loop 0
for loop 1
for loop 2
for loop 3
for loop 4

[while]

// Using a while loop to iterate until condition is false
let x = 0;
while (x < 5) {
    console.log("while loop " + x);
    x++;
}

while loop 0
while loop 1
while loop 2
while loop 3
while loop 4

[do...while]

// Using a do...while loop to ensure the code block executes at least once
let y = 0;
do {
    console.log("do-While loop " + y);
    y++;
} while (y < 5);

do-While loop 0
do-While loop 1
do-While loop 2
do-While loop 3
do-While loop 4

Break and Continue:

The 'break' statement helps to terminates the current loop, switch, or label statement, and the 'continue' statement skips the current iteration of a loop and continues with the next iteration.

[break]

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    if (i === 3) {
        break;
    }
    console.log(i);
}

0
1
2

[continue]

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    if (i === 3) {
        continue;
    }
    console.log(i);
}

0
1
2
4

Exception Handling:

Exception handling allows you to deal with errors or exceptional situations in your code gracefully. JavaScript provides 'try', 'catch', and 'finally' blocks for exception handling.

try {
    // Code that may throw an exception
    throw new Error('An error occurred');
} catch (error) {
    // Handling the exception
    console.error('Caught an error:', error.message);
} finally {
    // Code that will always execute
//regardless of whether an exception occurred
    console.log('This will always execute');
}

ERROR!
Caught an error: An error occurred
This will always execute

Async and Await:

The 'async' and 'await' are features in JavaScript used for managing asynchronous operations, making it easier to handle tasks like fetching data from servers or executing time-consuming computations without blocking the main thread.

async function fetchData() {
    try {
        let response = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data');
        let data = await response.json();
        console.log(data);
    } catch (error) {
        console.error('Error fetching data:', error);
    }
}

fetchData();

* These are some of the core mechanisms for flow control in JavaScript. Understanding these concepts is essential for writing efficient and maintainable code.