JavaScript Operators

Operators and their expressions.

JavaScript

Operators

Operators in JavaScript are fundamental building blocks used to perform operations on variables and values. Here are some of the basic operators in JavaScript:

Arithmetic Operators:

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations on numerical values. They include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus (remainder), increment, and decrement.

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let a = 10;
let b = 5;

let addition = a + b; // Addition
let subtraction = a - b; // Subtraction
let multiplication = a * b; // Multiplication
let division = a / b; // Division
let modulus = a % b; // Modulus (remainder of division)
let increment = ++a; // Increment
let decrement = --b; // Decrement
Operators Meanings Examples Results
+ Addition 5+3 8
- Subtraction 5-3 2
* Multiplication 5*3 15
/ Division 6/3 2
% Modulus (Remainder) 6%4 2
++ Increment let x = 5; x++; x = 6
-- Decrement let y = 5; y--; y = 4

Assignment Operators:

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. They can also perform arithmetic operations and assign the result to the variable in a concise way.

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let x = 10;
x += 5; // Equivalent to x = x + 5;
Operators Meanings Examples Results
= Assignment let a = 5; a = 5
+= Addition assignment let b = 3; b += 2; b = 5
-= Subtraction assignment let c = 7; c -= 4; c = 3
*= Multiplication assignment let d = 4; d *= 3; d = 12
/= Division assignment let e = 6; e /= 2; e = 3
%= Modulus assignment let f = 5; f %= 2; f = 1

Comparison Operators:

Comparison operators are used to compare two values or expressions. They return a Boolean value ('true' or 'false') based on the comparison result. These operators include equal to, not equal to, greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than or equal to.

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let a = 10;
let b = 5;

console.log(a == b); // Equal to
console.log(a != b); // Not equal to
console.log(a > b); // Greater than
console.log(a < b); // Less than
console.log(a >= b); // Greater than or equal to
console.log(a <= b); // Less than or equal to
Output:
false
true
true
false
true
false
Operators Meanings Examples Results
== Equal to 5 == 5 true
!= Not equal to 5 != 3 true
=== Strict equal to 5 === "5" false
!== Strict not equal to 5 !== "5" true
> Greater than 7 > 4 true
< Less than 3 < 6 true
>= Greater than or equal to 5 >= 5 true
<= Less than or equal to 4 <= 4 true

Logical Operators:

Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditional statements. They are typically used in conjunction with comparison operators to create complex conditions. Logical operators include AND ('&&'), OR ('||'), and NOT ('!').

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let x = 10;
let y = 5;
let z = 15;

console.log(x > y && x < z); // Logical AND
console.log(x > y || x > z); // Logical OR
console.log(!(x > y)); // Logical NOT
Output:
true
true
false
Operators Meanings Examples Results
&& Logical AND (5 > 3) && (4 < 7) true
|| Logical OR (5 > 3) || (4 > 7) true
! Logical NOT !(5 > 3) false

String Operators:

The string concatenation operator ('+') is used to concatenate two or more strings together.

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let firstName = "Ayan";
let lastName = "Sarkar";
let fullName = firstName + " " + lastName;
Operators Meanings Examples Results
+ Concatenation "Hello, " + "world!" Hello, world!

Unary Operators:

Unary operators work on a single operand. They include unary plus ('+'), unary minus ('-'), increment ('++'), decrement ('--'), and logical NOT ('!'). They are often used for mathematical operations or to invert the truth value of an expression.

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let x = 10;
let y = -x; // Unary minus
let z = +x; // Unary plus
Operators Meanings Examples Results
+ Unary plus +5 5
- Unary minus -5 -5
! Logical NOT !(5 > 3) false
typeof Typeof typeof "Hello" "string"

Note: The 'typeof' operator, specifically, returns a string indicating the type of the operand.

Ternary Operator:

The ternary operator ('? :') is a concise way of writing conditional statements. It evaluates a condition and returns one of two values depending on whether the condition is true or false.

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let age = 20;
let result = (age >= 18) ? "Senior" : "Minor";
Operators Meanings Examples Results
? : Ternary let age = 20; (age >= 18) ? "Senior" : "Minor" "Senior" or "Minor"

Note: These operators are fundamental to JavaScript and are used extensively in programming to perform various tasks, including arithmetic operations, variable assignments, comparisons, and logical operations.

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